How to read lot codes, UPCs and dates on food packages

Updated November 2, 2026 · By the PantryRecall team

Recall notices identify the affected products by a handful of codes. Knowing where to find them on the package makes checking a recall a 30-second job.

UPC: the barcode number

The UPC is the 12-digit number printed under the barcode. The first digits identify the company and the rest identify the specific product and size. If a recall lists a UPC, compare all 12 digits; two sizes of the same product have different UPCs.

Lot code

The lot code (also called batch or production code) tells the manufacturer when and where the food was made. It is usually stamped, not printed with the label, so look on the lid, the bottom of a can, the bag seal or the end flap of a box. Lot codes mix letters and numbers and have no universal format. Copy it exactly as printed and compare it character by character with the notice.

Julian date codes

Many lot codes contain a Julian date: the year followed by the day of the year (001 to 365). For example, 26045 or 2026045 usually means the 45th day of 2026, February 14. Some companies put the day first, so use the notice’s own examples when they are given.

“Best by”, “use by” and “sell by” dates

• “Best if used by” is about quality, not safety, for most foods.
• “Use by” is the last date recommended for peak quality; for infant formula it is required and must be followed.
• “Sell by” tells the store how long to display the product.

Recalls often list a range of these dates. A product inside the range is part of the recall even if the date has not passed.

USDA establishment number

Meat, poultry and processed egg products carry a USDA mark of inspection with an establishment number, such as “EST. 12345” or “P-12345”. USDA recall notices name this number; it identifies the plant where the food was produced.